Wednesday, August 26, 2020

The Two Main Categories of Financial Instruments

Entrepreneur and committed child welfare advocate Jonathan “Jon” Yob founded and serves as president of the Yob Family Foundation in Tampa, Florida. Jonathan Yob of Tampa is also the founder and president of the JAY Management Corporation, a boutique asset management company specializing in principally owned assets, such as financial instruments.


Financial instruments refer to tradable assets such as shares, bonds, and bills of exchange. They are legally enforceable and carry monetary value. Most financial instruments are placed into one of two categories: cash instruments and derivative instruments.

The value of cash instruments is determined by the financial market. While cash instruments are more easily transferable than derivative instruments, they are also more liquid due to their close relationship with market forces. Examples of cash instruments include shares and bonds. Loans and deposits are also usually classified as cash instruments as long as the borrower and lender both agree on the transfer of the value.

Meanwhile, derivative instruments include futures and options contracts. These instruments can be either over-the-counter derivatives or exchange-traded derivatives and represent indexes, interest rates, and other assets. Derivative instruments are linked to other securities, so their value and characteristics are a function of the assets they represent.